biological father
The man whose sperm impregnated the child’s biological mother. — Also termed natural father; birth father; genetic father. [Cases: Children Out-of-Wedlock 35. C.J.S. Children Out-of-Wedlock §§ 46, 49, 91.]
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acknowledged father
The admitted biological father of a child born to unmarried parents. See ACKNOWLEDGMENT(1).
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open adoption
An adoption in which the biological mother (sometimes with the biological father) chooses the adoptive parents and in which the child often continues to have a post-adoption relationship with his or her biological family. • Typically the birth parents meet the adoptive parents and participate in the separation and placement process. The birth parents relinquish
birth parent
Either the biological father or the mother who gives birth to a child. — Sometimes written birthparent.
private adoption
An adoption that occurs independently between the biological mother (and sometimes the biological father) and the adoptive parents without the involvement of an agency. • A private adoption is usu. arranged by an intermediary such as a lawyer, doctor, or counselor. Legal custody — though sometimes not physical custody — remains with the biological parent
paternity test
paternity test. A test, usu. involving DNA identification or tissue-typing, for determining whether a given man is the biological father of a particular child. See DNA IDENTIFICATION; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN TEST; BLOOD-GROUPING TEST . [Cases: Children Out-of-Wedlock 58. C.J.S. Children Out-of-Wedlock §§ 75–76.]
equitable parent doctrine
equitable-parent doctrine. Family law. The principle that a spouse who is not the biological parent of a child born or conceived during the marriage may, in a divorce action, be considered the child’s natural father or mother if (1) the other spouse and the child both acknowledge a parent–child relationship, esp. when that other spouse
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paternity
paternity (p[schwa]-t[schwa]r-ni-tee). 1. The state or condition of being a father, esp. a biological one; fatherhood. Cf. FILIATION. [Cases: Children Out-of-Wedlock 35.] 2. ATTRIBUTION RIGHT.